Pigmentation

Pigmentation  disorders involve the darkening or lightening of patches of skin. Conditions  include hyperpigmentation, melasma, age spots, and post-inflammatory marks. These changes occur when melanocytes produce irregular amounts of melanin,  often in response to hormonal changes, inflammation, or skin injury.    

Pigmentary changes can be localized or widespread, and their appearance can  vary from small freckles to large patches. Factors such as ethnicity, skin  type, and environmental exposure often influence the intensity and  distribution of pigmentation. Although generally harmless, some pigmentations  may require evaluation to rule out underlying health concerns.